Brazilian Journal of Pain
https://brjp.org.br/journal/brjp/article/doi/10.5935/2595-0118.20220022
Brazilian Journal of Pain
Original Article

Back pain prevalence and associated factors in Brazilian Unified Health System users

Prevalência de dor nas costas e fatores associados em usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde

Eduardo L Caputo; Daniele Fernandes da Silva de Souza; Vitor Häfele; Fernando Carlos Vinholes Siqueira

Downloads: 0
Views: 274

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Back pain is one of the main causes of disability worldwide, resulting in higher rates of work absenteeism and years lived with disability. This study aimed to evaluate back pain prevalence and its associated factors in Primary Health Units (PHU) users.

METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at PHU located in Pelotas, Brazil. Fifteen individuals of each PHU, aged 18 years or more, were interviewed (n=540). Back pain was defined as pain in one to three back areas (neck, dorsal and lumbar). Demographic, economic, behavioral, nutritional status (body mass index) and health characteristics were assessed as covariates. Poisson regression was used to estimate the prevalence ratio and 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS: Prevalence of back pain in PHU users was 20% (95%CI 16.8 - 23.6). Fair (PR 2.66 95%CI 1.00 - 7.09) and poor (PR 3.65 95%CI 1.31 - 10.16) self-perceived health, musculoskeletal disease (RP 2.71 95%CI 1.84 - 3.98) and current smoking (PR 1.71 95%CI 1.18 - 2.47) were associated with back pain.

CONCLUSION: Back pain is a common problem in PHU users in Brazil. Patients with musculoskeletal disease, who are current smokers and have a poor self-perceived health, are more likely to experience back pain.

Keywords

Back pain, Chronic pain, Unified Health System

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor nas costas é uma das principais causas de incapacidade em todo o mundo, resultando em maiores taxas de absenteísmo no trabalho e anos vividos com incapacidade. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de dor nas costas e seus fatores associados em usuários de Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS).

MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base comunitária em UBS localizadas em Pelotas, Brasil. Foram entrevistados 15 indivíduos de cada UBS, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos (n=540). A dor nas costas foi definida como dor em uma a três áreas das costas (pescoço, dorsal e lombar). Características demográficas, econômicas, comportamentais, nutricionais (índice de massa corporal) e de saúde foram avaliadas como covariáveis. A regressão de Poisson foi utilizada para estimar a razão de prevalência e os intervalos de confiança de 95%.

RESULTADOS: A prevalência de dor nas costas em usuários de UBS foi de 20% (IC95% 16,8 - 23,6). Autopercepção de saúde regular (RP 2,66 IC95% 1,00 - 7,09) e ruim (RP 3,65 IC95% 1,31 - 10,16), doença musculoesquelética (RP 2,71 IC95% 1,84 - 3,98) e tabagismo atual (RP 1,71 IC95% 1,18 - 2,47) foram associados à dor nas costas.

CONCLUSÃO: A dor nas costas é um problema comum em usuários de UBS. Pacientes com doença musculoesquelética, fumantes atuais e com autopercepção de saúde ruim são mais propensos a sentir dor nas costas.

Palavras-chave

Dor crônica, Dor nas costas, Sistema Único de Saúde

References

Hartvigsen J, Hancock MJ, Kongsted A, Louw Q, Ferreira ML, Genevay S. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet. 2018;391(10137):2356-67.

March L, Smith EU, Hoy DG, Cross MJ, Sanchez-Riera L, Blyth F. Burden of disability due to musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders. Best Pract Res: Clin Rheumatol. 2014;28(3):353-66.

Gerhardt A, Hartmann M, Blumenstiel K, Tesarz J, Eich W. The prevalence rate and the role of the spatial extent of pain in nonspecific chronic back pain--a population-based study in the south-west of Germany. Pain Med. 2014;15(7):1200-10.

Urits I, Burshtein A, Sharma M, Testa L, Gold PA, Orhurhu V. Low back pain, a comprehensive review: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2019;23(3):23.

Freburger JK, Holmes GM, Agans RP, Jackman AM, Darter JD, Wallace AS. The rising prevalence of chronic low back pain. Arch Int Med. 2009;169(3):251-8.

Ferreira ML, Machado G, Latimer J, Maher C, Ferreira PH, Smeets RJ. Factors defining care-seeking in low back pain--a meta-analysis of population based surveys. Eur J Pain. 2010;14(7):747.e1-747.e17.

ABC do SUS: Doutrina e Princípios. 1990.

Política Nacional de Gestão Estratégica e Participativa no SUS - Participa SUS. 2009.

Paim J, Travassos C, Almeida C, Bahia L, MacInko J. The Brazilian health system: history, advances, and challenges. Lancet. 2011;377(9779):1778-97.

Política Nacional de Atenção Básica. 2012.

Plano Municipal de Saúde de Pelotas. 2013.

Política de Promoção de Equidade em Saúde. 2013.

Vandenbroucke JP, von Elm E, Altman DG, Gøtzsche PC, Mulrow CD, Pocock SJ. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2022;4(10):1628-54.

How prevalent is chronic pain?. Clinical Updates. 2003;11(2).

Häfele V, Siqueira FV. Aconselhamento para atividade física e mudança de comportamento em Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Rev Bras Ativ Física & Saúde. 2022;21(6):581-92.

Souza DF da S, Häfele V, Siqueira FV. Dor crônica e nível de atividade física em usuários das unidades básicas de saúde. Rev Bras Ativ Física & Saúde. 2019;11(24):1-10.

Brasil M da S. VIGITEL Brasil 2019: vigilância de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas por inquérito telefônico: estimativas sobre frequência e distribuição sociodemográfica de fatores de risco e proteção para doenças crônicas nas capitais dos 26 estados br. 2019.

Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjöström M, Bauman AE, Booth ML, Ainsworth BE. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med Sci Sports and Exerc. 2003;35(8):1381-95.

Peláez-Ballestas I, Flores-Camacho R, Rodriguez-Amado J, Sanin LH, Valerio JE, Navarro-Zarza E. Prevalence of back pain in the community. A COPCORD-based study in the Mexican population. J Rheumatol Suppl. 2011;86:26-30.

Henn L, Schier K, Brian T, Hardt J. Back pain in Poland and Germany: a survey of prevalence and association with demographic characters. BioMed Research International. 2014.

Dennis D, Tampin B, Jacques A, Hebden-Todd T, Carter V, McLintock M. The prevalence of back pain in patients in one Australian tertiary hospital population. Musculoskeletal Care. 2018;16(1):112-7.

Ferreira GD, Silva MC, Rombaldi AJ, Wrege ED, Siqueira FV, Hallal PC. Prevalence and associated factors of back pain in adults from southern Brazil: a population-based study. Rev Bras Fisioter. 2011;15(1):31-6.

Deyo RA, Mirza SK, Martin BI. Back pain prevalence and visit rates: estimates from U.S. national surveys, 2002. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006;31(23):2724-7.

Araujo MEA, Silva MT, Galvao TF, Nunes BP, Pereira MG. Prevalence and patterns of multimorbidity in Amazon Region of Brazil and associated determinants: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open. 2018;1;8(11).

Muraki S, Akune T, Oka H, En-Yo Y, Yoshida M, Saika A. Health-related quality of life in subjects with low back pain and knee pain in a population-based cohort study of Japanese men: the Research on Osteoarthritis Against Disability study. Spine. 2011;36(16):1312-9.

Horng YS, Hwang YH, Wu HC, Liang HW, Mhe YJ, Twu FC. Predicting health-related quality of life in patients with low back pain. Spine. 2005;30(5):551-5.

Yamada K, Matsudaira K, Takeshita K, Oka H, Hara N, Takagi Y. Prevalence of low back pain as the primary pain site and factors associated with low health-related quality of life in a large Japanese population: a pain-associated cross-sectional epidemiological survey. Mod Rheumatol. 2014;24(2):343-8.

Broonen JP, Marty M, Legout V, Cedraschi C, Henrotin Y. Is volition the missing link in the management of low back pain? Vol. 78. Joint Bone Spine. 2011;78(4):364-7.

Endean A, Palmer KT, Coggon D. Potential of magnetic resonance imaging findings to refine case definition for mechanical low back pain in epidemiological studies: a systematic review. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011;36(2):160-9.

Shiri R, Karppinen J, Leino-Arjas P, Solovieva S, Viikari-Juntura E. The association between smoking and low back pain: a meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2010;123(1):87.e7-87.e35.

Green BN, Johnson CD, Snodgrass J, Smith M, Dunn AS. Association between smoking and back pain in a cross-section of adult Americans. Cureus. 2016;8(9):e806.

Alzahrani H, Mackey M, Stamatakis E, Zadro JR, Shirley D. The association between physical activity and low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):8244.

Facchini LA, Piccini RX, Thumé E, Silveira DS, Siqueira FV, Rodrigues MA. Performance of the PSF in the Brazilian South and Northeast: Institutional and epidemiological Assessment of Primary Health Care. Ciencia e Saude Coletiva. 2006;11(3):669-81.


Submitted date:
02/02/2021

Accepted date:
04/12/2022

62e05d5ba9539523411cc4f2 brjp Articles

BrJP

Share this page
Page Sections