Brazilian Journal of Pain
https://brjp.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2595-0118.20190015
Brazilian Journal of Pain
Artigo de Revisão

Adherence to fibromyalgia treatment: challenges and impact on the quality of life

Adesão ao tratamento da fibromialgia: desafios e impactos na qualidade de vida

José Oswaldo de Oliveira Júnior; Júlia Villegas Campos Ramos

http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20190015 BrJP, vol.2, n1, p.81-87, 2019
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Fibromyalgia is a chronic and idiopathic syndrome, characterized by a general distributed pain, more prevalent in women. Its pathophysiology remains unclear. Its chronicity implies an exclusively symptomatic treatment, often unsatisfactory. The lack of adherence to the established treatment is quite common. The objective of this study is to present a review of the adherence to the fibromyalgia syndrome treatment.

CONTENTS: The concept of adherence to the fibromyalgia syndrome treatment, its classification, the identification of its measurement options, and the detection of its causes are detailed, revised and updated.

CONCLUSION: The review of the literature regarding the adherence to the fibromyalgia syndrome treatment points to a large number of nonconformity of prescription, in general with the prevalence of the adoption of the reduction of the recommended dose and the interruption of the treatment, over possible overdoses and self-medication. The study of the causes that led to the non-adherence to the treatment elects the characteristics of the syndrome as the great villain for its occurrence. However, other associated factors such as the age of the subject with fibromyalgia, the intensity of the pain, the established polypharmacy, the quality of the doctor-patient relationship and the socioeconomic variables were also listed. The patient's quality of life was always higher in patients with higher adherence to treatment and persistence. Patients' quality of life indices may indicate the level of commitment to treatment adherence, and vice versa.

Keywords

Adherence, Compliance, Fibromyalgia, Nonpharmacologic treatment, Persistence, Pharmacologic treatment, Therapeutic conformity

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A fibromialgia é uma síndrome crônica e idiopática, caracterizada por queixa dolorosa de distribuição generalizada, mais prevalente em mulheres. A sua fisiopatologia continua não totalmente esclarecida. Sua cronicidade implica em tratamento exclusivamente sintomático e muitas vezes insatisfatório. A falta de adesão ao tratamento instituído é bastante comum. O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar uma revisão sobre a adesão do tratamento da síndrome fibromiálgica.

CONTEÚDO: O conceito de adesão ao tratamento da síndrome fibromiálgica, sua classificação, a identificação das opções de sua mensuração, e a detecção de suas causas são detalhados, revisados e atualizados.

CONCLUSÃO: A revisão da literatura referente à adesão ao tratamento da síndrome fibromiálgica mostra um grande contingente de inconformidade de prescrição, em geral predominando a adoção da redução da dose orientada e a interrupção do próprio tratamento, sobre possíveis sobredoses e automedicações. O estudo das causas que levaram à falta de adesão ao tratamento elege as características da própria síndrome como a grande vilã para sua ocorrência; embora, tenham sido também elencados outros fatores associados como a idade do portador da síndrome fibromiálgica, a intensidade da dor, a polifarmácia instituída, a qualidade da relação médico-paciente, e as variáveis socioeconômicas. A qualidade de vida dos pacientes sempre foi maior naqueles cuja adesão e persistência ao tratamento foram maiores. Os índices de qualidade vida dos pacientes podem indicar o nível de comprometimento com a adesão ao tratamento, e vice-versa.

Palavras-chave

Adesão, Conformidade, Conformidade terapêutica, Fibromialgia, Persistência, Tratamento farmacológico, Tratamento não farmacológico

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Submetido em:
23/10/2018

Aceito em:
18/01/2019

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