Brazilian Journal of Pain
https://brjp.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2595-0118.20190063
Brazilian Journal of Pain
Original Article

Chronic low back pain and walking speed: effects on the spatiotemporal parameters and in gait variability

Dor lombar crônica e velocidade de caminhada: efeitos nos parâmetros espaço-temporais e na variabilidade da marcha

Alberito Rodrigo Carvalho; Ronaldo Valdir Briani; Welds Rodrigo Ribeiro Bertor; José Roberto Svistalski; Alexandro Andrade; Leonardo Alexandre Peyré-Tartaruga

http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20190063 BrJP, vol.2, n4, p.342-347, 2019
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Walking is described as one of the abilities most affected by chronic low back pain. This study aimed to determine if chronic nonspecific low back pain and walking speed affect the spatiotemporal parameters (stride length, swing time, contact time, stride time, stride frequency and walking ratio) and the coefficients of variation of stride length and contact time.

METHODS: Ten participants with chronic nonspecific low back pain (low back pain - LG) and ten healthy participants in the control group (CG) walked on the treadmill at preferred self-selected speed, slower and faster than the preferred speed. Spatiotemporal parameters and coefficients of variation were determined by kinematic analysis. Main effects (group and speed) and their interactions were tested using generalized estimating equations method.

RESULTS: Our results showed that there were no significant differences between groups or significant interaction between group and speed factors. There was a speed effect. Stride frequency and length increased while contact and stride time decreased as the speed increased. The walking ratio (stride length/stride frequency) was relatively consistent across speeds (~1.6 m·stride-1.s) without statistical differences. The coefficients of variation were below 5%.

CONCLUSION: The chronic nonspecific low back pain did not affect the gait spatiotemporal profile, at least for those patients classified as chronic nonspecific low back pain according to the signs and symptoms criteria. Although the preferred speed has affected the spatiotemporal parameters, both groups patients were able to adjust their kinematic parameters to each task demand.

Keywords

Gait, Biomechanical phenomena, Locomotion, Spine

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A caminhada é descrita como uma das habilidades mais afetadas pela dor lombar crônica. Este estudo objetivou determinar se a dor lombar crônica não específica e a velocidade de caminhada afetam os parâmetros espaço-temporais (comprimento da passada, tempo de balanço, tempo de contato, tempo da passada, frequência da passada e razão de caminhada) e os coeficientes de variação do comprimento da passada e do tempo de contato.

MÉTODOS: Dez participantes com dor lombar crônica não específica (grupo dor lombar GL) e 10 participantes saudáveis (grupo controle - GC) caminharam na esteira na velocidade preferida autosselecionada, e em velocidades mais lenta e mais rápida que a velocidade preferida. Parâmetros espaço-temporais e coeficientes de variação foram determinados por cinemetria. Os efeitos principais (grupo e velocidade) e as suas interações foram testadas pelo método de equações de Estimativas Generalizadas.

RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças entre os grupos ou interação entre os fatores (grupo e velocidade). Houve efeito da velocidade. A frequência e o comprimento de passada aumentaram, enquanto o tempo de contato e de passada diminuíram à medida que a velocidade aumentou. A razão de caminhada (comprimento da passada/frequência da passada) foi relativamente consistente entre as velocidades (~1,6 m·passada-1·s) sem diferenças estatísticas. Os coeficientes de variação ficaram abaixo dos 5%.

CONCLUSÃO: A dor lombar crônica não específica não afetou os parâmetros espaço-temporais da caminhada, pelo menos para os pacientes classificados com dor lombar crônica não específica pelos critérios de sinais e sintomas. Embora a velocidade preferida tenha afetado os parâmetros espaço-temporais, os pacientes de ambos os grupos foram hábeis para ajustar seus parâmetros cinemáticos às demandas da tarefa.

Palavras-chave

Coluna vertebral, Fenômenos biomecânicos, Locomoção, Marcha

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Submitted date:
07/03/2019

Accepted date:
09/16/2019

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