Brazilian Journal of Pain
https://brjp.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2595-0118.20210057
Brazilian Journal of Pain
Original Article

Catastrophic thinking and functional disability in Primary Health Care chronic pain patients

Pensamentos catastróficos e incapacidade funcional em portadores de dor crônica na Atenção Primária à Saúde

José Jefferson da Silva Cavalcanti Lins; João Paulo Lopes dos Passos; Antônio Plauto Oliveira Lima; Polyana Felipe Ferreira da Costa; Américo Danuzio Pereira de Oliveira; Rita di Cássia de Oliveira Angelo

http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20210057 BrJP, vol.4, n4, p.321-326, 2021
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Catastrophic thoughts are an important evaluative factor because they interfere with pain management and degree of disability since they affect responses to pain. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between catastrophic thoughts and the dimensions of functional disability in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain in primary health care.

METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study that included 50 patients of both genders, aged 18 to 59 years, with chronic musculoskeletal pain, with intensity from 3 to 7 by the visual analog scale. To evaluate pain catastrophization, the Brazil validated Pain Catastrophizing Scale (B-PCS) was used and the interference of pain on function was assessed by the Pain Disability Index (PDI).

RESULTS: The majority of patients were female (94%), mean age 42±10.3 years, median pain 7 [6-7], basic schooling level (62%), unemployed (66%), and sedentary (76%). Catastrophizing (56%). The regions with the highest prevalence of pain were thoracolumbar (38%), anterior knees (32%), lumbosacral and face (30%). There was a direct and significant correlation between the PCS and PDI scores (ρ=0.56; p<0.01), as well as between the PDI scores and the subdomains: rumination (ρ=0.34; p <0.01), magnification (ρ=0.57; p <0.01) and helplessness (ρ=0.53; p <0.01).

CONCLUSION: People with chronic pain demonstrate a tendency towards the most unpleasant aspects of pain, resulting in less participation in daily activities, with impacts on functional capacity.

Keywords

Catastrophization, Chronic pain, Musculoskeletal pain, Primary health care

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Os pensamentos catastróficos são fatores avaliativos importantes porque interferem no gerenciamento da dor e no grau de incapacidade, uma vez que mediam as respostas à dor. O estudo objetivou investigar a relação entre pensamentos catastróficos e as dimensões de incapacidade funcional em portadores de dores crônicas de origem musculoesquelética no âmbito da atenção básica a saúde.

MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo transversal que incluiu 50 pacientes de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 18 e 59 anos, portadores de dor crônica musculoesquelética, com intensidade de 3 a 7 pela escala analógica visual. Para avaliação da catastrofização da dor foi utilizada a Escala de Pensamentos Catastróficos sobre a Dor (B-PCS) e a interferência da dor na funcionalidade foi avaliada pelo Índice de Incapacidade Relacionada à Dor (PDI).

RESULTADOS: A maioria dos pacientes foi do sexo feminino (94%), com média etária de 42±10,3 anos, mediana da dor 7 [6-7], nível fundamental de escolaridade (62%), sem emprego (66%) e sedentários (76%). Catastrofização (56%). A maior prevalência de dor foi identificada nas regiões toracolombar (38%), anterior dos joelhos (32%), lombossacral e face (30%). Houve correlação direta e significativa entre os escores da PCS e do PDI (ρ=0,56; p<0,01) e entre os escores do PDI e os subdomínios ruminação (ρ=0,34; p<0,01), magnificação (ρ=0,57; p<0,01) e desesperança (ρ=0,53; p<0,01).

CONCLUSÃO: Os portadores de dor crônica apresentaram orientação mental em direção aos aspectos mais desagradáveis da dor, acarretando menor participação nas atividades cotidianas, com repercussão sobre a capacidade funcional.

Palavras-chave

Atenção primária a saúde, Catastrofização, Dor crônica, Dor musculoesquelética

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Submitted date:
02/18/2021

Accepted date:
09/15/2021

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