Brazilian Journal of Pain
https://brjp.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2595-0118.20210061
Brazilian Journal of Pain
Review Article

The expression of the nitric oxide synthase enzyme in periodontal disease and orofacial pain: systematic review

A expressão da enzima óxido nítrico sintase na doença periodontal e na dor orofacial: revisão sistemática

Daniel Jackson Gonçalves Carvalho; Isis Pereira Cardoso; Iasminy Soares Oliveira; Maria das Graças Afonso Miranda Chaves; Gisele Maria Campos Fabri

http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20210061 BrJP, vol.4, n4, p.362-368, 2021
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The literature suggests that the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) plays an important role in both periodontal disease (PD) and orofacial pain (OP), although few studies associate these two conditions simultaneously. The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of the NOS enzyme in PD and OP, in comparison to those patients who did not present PD and/or OP.

CONTENTS: Seven electronic databases (Pubmed, Web of science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, BBO, LILACS, Clinical trial) were used to identify the potentially relevant studies published until April 2021. The research resulted in 1,960 studies, of which 11 were selected to be critically evaluated. Two independent reviewers selected titles and abstracts using the criteria defined in the PECO question (Population, Exposure, Comparison, Outcome). The methodological evaluation of the selected studies was carried out according to the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP).

CONCLUSION: Scientific evidence demonstrated that NOS may play a key role in the pathogenesis of PD and OP, since its expression is increased in patients with these conditions. However, genetic studies on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene mutations in patients with migraine and cluster headache did not indicate the expected susceptibility to pain. In addition, studies on the association of NOS expression in PD and OP, occurring simultaneously, are scarce. This review may support future research on NOS in two very common correlated diseases such as PD and OP.

Keywords

Orofacial pain, Nitric oxide, Nitric oxide synthase, Periodontal diseases

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A literatura sugere que a enzima óxido nítrico sintase (NOS) desempenha um papel importante tanto na doença periodontal (DP) quanto na dor orofacial (DOF), embora poucos estudos associem estas duas condições simultaneamente. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a expressão da NOS em pacientes com DP e DOF em comparação a controles sem estas condições.

CONTEÚDO: Foram consultadas as bases de dados eletrônicas (Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, BBO, Lilacs e Clinical Trial) para identificar os estudos potencialmente relevantes publicados até abril de 2021. As pesquisas resultaram em 1.960 estudos, dos quais 11 foram selecionados para serem avaliados criticamente. Os critérios definidos na questão PECO (População, Exposição, Comparação e Desfecho) foram usados para selecionar títulos e resumos por dois revisores independentes. A avaliação metodológica dos estudos selecionados foi realizada de acordo com a ferramenta Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP).

CONCLUSÃO: As evidências científicas demonstraram que a NOS desempenha um importante papel na patogênese da DP e da DOF, já que sua expressão está aumentada em pacientes com estas condições. Porém, estudos genéticos sobre mutações dos genes do óxido nítrico sintase endotelial (eNOS) em pacientes com migrânea e cefaleia em salvas não evidenciaram a esperada suscetibilidade a dor. Além disso, estudos sobre a associação da expressão da NOS na DP e na DOF, ocorrendo simultaneamente, são escassos. Este estudo pode subsidiar futuras pesquisas sobre NOS na correlação de duas doenças muito frequentes como a DP e a DOF.

Palavras-chave

Doença periodontal, Dor orofacial, Óxido nítrico, Óxido nítrico sintase

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Submitted date:
02/20/2021

Accepted date:
05/03/2021

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