Brazilian Journal of Pain
https://brjp.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2595-0118.20210062
Brazilian Journal of Pain
Original Article

Characterization of biopsychosocial factors of patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain

Caracterização de fatores biopsicossociais de pacientes com dor lombar crônica inespecífica

Jessica Roberta de Oliveira Rocha; Manuela Karloh; Adair Roberto Soares dos Santos; Tatiane Regina de Sousa

http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20210062 BrJP, vol.4, n4, p.332-338, 2021
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Low back pain is considered a public health problem worldwide and has a personal, social, occupational and economic impact. Psychosocial signs such as inappropriate beliefs about pain, fear of movement, anxiety, stress, depression and low job satisfaction are characteristics of individuals with low back pain. These clinical signs are mediators of chronic pain and disability. The present study aimed to assess psychological comorbidities in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain who are undergoing physical therapy and patients awaiting physical therapy; in addition to characterizing the psychosocial profile of these individuals.

METHODS: This research was carried out with 31 individuals recruited from physical therapy clinics in the region of greater Florianópolis. They were divided into two groups: Treatment (TG) and non-treatment (CG). The following self-report instruments were applied: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Health Status Questionnaire (SF-36V2), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index (OLBPDI), Fear-Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ) and Pain Castatrophizing Scale (PCS).

RESULTS: Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in the scores of the instruments applied between the groups. The CG had higher averages than the GT.

CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study support previous findings about the benefits of physical therapy for individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain, suggesting that, in addition to reducing pain and disability, there are benefits related to psychosocial factors.

Keywords

Anxiety, Catastrophization, Physical therapy modalities, Low back pain, Quality of life

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor lombar é considerada um problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo e gera impacto pessoal, social, ocupacional e econômico. Os sinais psicossociais como crenças inapropriadas sobre a dor, medo do movimento, ansiedade, estresse, depressão e baixa satisfação no trabalho são características de indivíduos com lombalgia. Esses sinais clínicos são mediadores da dor crônica e incapacidade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as comorbidades psicológicas em pacientes com dor lombar crônica inespecífica que estão em atendimento fisioterapêutico e pacientes que aguardam o atendimento de fisioterapia; além de caracterizar o perfil psicossocial desses indivíduos.

MÉTODOS: Estudo realizado com 31 indivíduos, recrutados em clínicas de fisioterapia na região da grande Florianópolis. Foram divididos em dois grupos: tratamento (GT/n=16) e não tratamento (GC/n=15). Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos de autorrelato: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Health Status Questionnaire (SF-36V2), Escala Analógica Visual (EAV), Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index (OLBPDI), Fear-Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ) and Pain Castatrophizing Scale (PCS).

RESULTADOS: Foram observadas diferenças significativas (p<0,05) nos escores dos instrumentos aplicados entre os grupos. Sendo que o GC apresentou médias maiores que o GT.

CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados obtidos neste estudo apoiam descobertas anteriores sobre os benefícios da fisioterapia para indivíduos com dor lombar crônica inespecífica, sugerindo que, além da redução da dor e incapacidade, há benefícios relacionados aos fatores psicossociais.

Palavras-chave

Ansiedade, Catastrofização, Dor lombar, Fisioterapia, Qualidade de vida

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Submitted date:
03/02/2021

Accepted date:
06/24/2021

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