Brazilian Journal of Pain
https://brjp.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2595-0118.20220035-en
Brazilian Journal of Pain
Original Article

Effect of photobiomodulation therapy (660 nm and 830 nm) on carrageenan-induced edema and pain behavior in mice

Efeito da terapia por fotobiomodulação (660 nm e 830 nm) no comportamento da dor e edema induzidos por carragenina em camundongos

Alexandre Marcio Marcolino; Ketlyn Germann Hendler; Rafael Inacio Barbosa; Lais Mara Siqueira das Neves; Heloyse Uliam Kuriki; Rafael Cypriano Dutra

http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20220035-en BrJP, vol.5, n3, p.206-212, 2022
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Photobiomodulation (PBM) is an important therapeutic tool for inflammatory process modulation. In this study, the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of two different energies and two different wavelengths (660 nm and 830 nm) were investigate and compared through the model of carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice.

METHODS: Male Swiss mice, 36 animals (n=6 animals/group) were divided into six groups: Group 1 (saline-control), Group 2 (carrageenan), Group 3 (carrageenan + laser 660 nm, 5.88 J), Group 4 (carrageenan + laser 660 nm, 2.94 J), Group 5 (carrageenan + laser 830 nm, 5.88 J), and Group 6 (carrageenan + laser 830 nm, 2.94 J). PBM was applied 1h after the carrageenan injection which induced paw edema and hyperalgesia, which were measured by means of a plethysmometer and by flicker test using a water bath at 38ºC (±0.5ºC), respectively. Left paws of mice injected with carrageenan exhibited local edema that persisted for up to 6h after its administration. All animals were evaluated before, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h after the injection of carrageenan.

RESULTS: PBM, specially the 830 nm wavelength with 2.94 J of energy, reduced the paw edema induced by carrageenan. In addition, the 660 nm wavelengths (5.88 J / 2.94 J) and 830 nm (2.94 J) inhibited thermal hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan after 4 h of paw injection.

CONCLUSION: There was evidence that the PBM 830 nm (2.94 J) produced a more pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, while the 660 nm (5.88 J / 2.94 J) energy laser was more effective to inhibit the hyperalgesia response induced by the carrageenan injection.

HIGHLIGHTS

  • The present study demonstrated that PBM was effective in minimizing pain and edema in the acute inflammatory process in an experimental model.
  • The 830 nm wavelength (5.88 J energy) was more effective in improving edema in the acute inflammatory process in an experimental model.
  • In pain analysis, the energy of 2.94 J was more effective regardless of the wavelength used in the acute inflammatory process in an experimental model.

Keywords

Edema, Hyperalgesia, Inflammation, Low level laser therapy, Pain.

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A fotobiomodulação (FBM) é uma importante ferramenta terapêutica para modulação dos processos inflamatórios. Neste estudo, investigou-se o efeito anti-inflamatório e analgésico de duas energias e dois comprimentos de onda diferentes (660 nm e 830 nm) através do modelo de edema de pata induzido por carragenina em camundongos.

MÉTODOS: Trinta e seis camundongos Swiss machos (n=6 animais/grupo) foram divididos em seis grupos: Grupo 1 (controle salino), Grupo 2 (carragenina), Grupo 3 (carragenina + laser 660 nm, 5,88 J), Grupo 4 (carragenina + laser 660 nm, 2,94 J), Grupo 5 (carragenina + laser 830 nm, 5,88 J) e Grupo 6 (carragenina + laser 830 nm, 2,94 J). A FBM foi aplicada 1h após a injeção de carragenina que induziu o edema de pata e a hiperalgesia térmica, os quais foram medidos por meio de um pletismômetro e pelo flicker test em banho-maria a 38ºC (±0,5ºC), respectivamente. As patas esquerdas injetadas com carragenina apresentaram edema local que persistiu por até 6h após sua administração. Todos os animais foram avaliados antes, 1, 2, 3, 4, e 6 horas após a injeção de carragenina.

RESULTADOS: A FBM, principalmente o comprimento de onda 830 nm com 2,94 J de energia, reduziu o edema de pata induzido pela carragenina. Além disso, o comprimento de onda 660 nm (5,88 J / 2,94 J) e o 830 nm (2,94 J) inibiram a hiperalgesia térmica induzida pela carragenina após 4h da injeção na pata.

CONCLUSÃO: Evidenciou-se que a FBM 830 nm (2,94 J) produziu efeito anti-inflamatório mais pronunciado, enquanto o laser de 660 nm (5,88 J / 2,94 J) de energia foi mais eficaz para reduzir a resposta de hiperalgesia induzida pela injeção de carragenina.

DESTAQUES

  • O presente estudo demonstrou que a PBM foi eficaz minimizando a dor e o edema no processo inflamatório agudo em um modelo experimental. 
  • O comprimento de onda 830 nm (energia de 5,88 J) foi mais eficaz na melhora do edema no processo inflamatório agudo em um modelo experimental.
  • Na análise da dor, a energia de 2,94 J foi mais eficaz independente do comprimento de onda utilizado no processo inflamatório agudo em um modelo experimental.

Palavras-chave

Dor, Terapia a Laser de baixa intensidade, Edema, Hiperalgesia, Inflamação, Carragenina.

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Submitted date:
02/03/2022

Accepted date:
07/13/2022

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