Mechanical hyperalgesia in athletes’ shoulder: integrative review
Hiperalgesia mecânica no ombro de atletas: revisão integrativa
Gabriela de Holanda Leal; Luis Ulisses Signori; Michele Forgiarini Saccol
Abstract
HIGHLIGHTS
• Shoulder pain is a common condition in overhead athletes, and athletes with shoulder pain have changes in pressure pain threshold (PPT).
• In swimming, PPT seems to be influenced by weekly training volume, years of practice, and age group.
• PPT changes in wheelchair tennis and basketball players still lack more conclusive data.
Keywords
Resumo
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor crônica no ombro de atletas arremessadores é uma queixa comum no cotidiano do esporte. Apesar do número crescente de publicações sobre o tema, não está claro se esses atletas apresentam hiperalgesia mecânica associada a dor, o que poderia alterar as abordagens de tratamento realizadas. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi sintetizar os resultados das principais evidências encontradas sobre o limiar de dor a pressão no ombro, comparando estes resultados em esportistas de diversas modalidades.
MÉTODOS: Para esta revisão integrativa, as buscas eletrônicas ocorreram nas bases de dados Pubmed/Medline, PEDro, SPORTDiscuss, Web of Science e Scielo, verificando estudos em inglês ou português. As palavras-chave pressure pain threshold; athletes; shoulder; pressure algometry e suas derivações foram pesquisadas em ambas as línguas. Os artigos deveriam incluir atletas de esportes com gestos esportivos no membro superior e que avaliassem o limiar de dor a pressão no ombro. Cinco estudos foram incluídos para análise.
RESULTADOS: Atletas com dor no ombro apresentaram menor limiar de dor a pressão. Em nadadores, as alterações na sensibilidade mecânica a dor parecem estar relacionadas com horas de treino semanais, anos de prática esportiva e faixa etária. As competições esportivas aparentemente possuem influência na redução do limiar de dor a pressão em tenistas amadores.
CONCLUSÃO: Atletas de natação apresentam menor limiar de dor a pressão, o qual se relaciona com o volume e tempo de treinamento na modalidade. Essa variável parece ser esporte-dependente, e a ausência de um maior número de estudos em esportes como tênis e basquete em cadeiras de rodas limita conclusões acerca do assunto.
DESTAQUES
• Dor no ombro é uma condição comum em atletas overhead e atletas com dor no ombro apresentam alterações no limiar de dor a pressão (LDP).
• Na natação, o LDP parece sofrer influência do volume de treinamento semanal, de anos de prática da modalidade e da faixa etária.
• Alterações no LDP em tenistas e jogadores de basquete em cadeira de rodas ainda carecem de dados mais conclusivos.
Palavras-chave
References
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Submitted date:
03/30/2022
Accepted date:
10/06/2022
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