Does exercise relieve my pain? A qualitative study about perceptions of patients with low back pain
O exercício alivia minha dor? Estudo qualitativo sobre as percepções de pacientes com dor lombar
Micheline Henrique Araújo da Luz Koerich; Letícia de Souza Peixoto; Natalia da Silva Macedo; Debora Soccal Schwertner; Thais Cristina Siqueira
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Physical exercise is recommended by the guidelines for the treatment of chronic low back pain, but the patients’ perspective on this therapeutic modality is little explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the perception of patients with chronic low back pain about physical exercise for symptom control.
METHODS: This is a descriptive qualitative study, which investigated people with chronic low back pain on the waiting list for physiotherapy outpatient clinic. Data was collected through individual, semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted online, investigating the perception of memory from previous experiences of exercise. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS: Fourteen adults (10 women and 4 men) were interviewed. The data was categorized into three moments: (1) perceptions during exercise, (2) perceptions after exercise, and (3) long-term perceptions. The perceptions of pain and discomfort that occur at the beginning of any type of exercise or usually disappear in the first few weeks, however, when they are not well tolerated, they can lead to withdrawal or discontinuing of the practice. Although the majority reported pain relief, a feeling of relaxation and ease in performing functional activities, in the period immediately after exercise some participants noticed exacerbation of the pain and fear of worsening the condition. In the long term, the majority saw benefits (reduction in pain intensity, return to activities and reduced need for painkillers), but for some participants exercise alone does not seem to be enough to reduce pain.
CONCLUSION: People with chronic low back pain can have varying perceptions and results in relation to exercise.
Keywords
Resumo
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O exercício físico é recomendado pelas diretrizes para o tratamento da dor lombar crônica, mas a perspectiva dos pacientes sobre essa modalidade terapêutica é pouco explorada. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a percepção de pacientes com dor lombar crônica sobre o exercício físico para o controle dos sintomas.
MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo descritivo, que investigou pessoas com dor lombar crônica na lista de espera para atendimento fisioterapêutico. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas individuais e semiestruturadas. As entrevistas foram realizadas no formato online, investigando a percepção de memória pela experiência prévia da prática de exercício. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo temática.
RESULTADOS: Quatorze adultos (10 mulheres e 4 homens) foram entrevistados. Os dados foram categorizados em três momentos: (1) percepções durante o exercício físico, (2) percepções após o exercício, e (3) percepções a longo prazo. As percepções de dor e desconforto que ocorrem no início de alguma modalidade de exercício costumam desaparecer nas primeiras semanas, no entanto, quando não são bem toleradas, podem levar à desistência ou interrupção da prática. Embora a maioria tenha relatado alívio da dor, sensação de relaxamento e facilidade para realizar atividades funcionais, no período imediatamente posterior ao exercício alguns participantes perceberam exacerbação da dor e receio de agravamento do quadro. Em longo prazo, a maioria percebeu benefícios (redução da intensidade da dor, retorno às atividades e diminuição da necessidade de analgésicos), mas para alguns participantes somente a prática de exercícios parece não ser suficiente para a redução da dor.
CONCLUSÃO: Pessoas com dor lombar crônica podem ter percepções e resultados variados em relação à prática de exercício.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
05/07/2023
Aceito em:
29/08/2023
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