Update on chronic musculoskeletal pain: narrative review
Atualização sobre a dor crônica musculoesquelética: revisão narrativa
Tatiana Wscieklica; Marina Jacobucci Pellegrini; Ney Armando Meziat-Filho; Diogo Corrêa Maldonado; Eliane Florêncio Gama
Abstract
Keywords
Resumo
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Há condições nas quais a dor crônica musculoesquelética está presente sem lesão tecidual aparente, como nos casos de fibromialgia ou dor lombar inespecífica. Nestes casos, a compreensão da doença e o tratamento são desafios para os pacientes, profissionais e serviços de saúde. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão narrativa sobre a dor crônica musculoesquelética, discutir as definições e classificações atuais e apresentar diferentes estratégias de manejo de modo a contribuir na implementação destes conhecimentos na prática clínica.
CONTEÚDO: A dor crônica musculoesquelética, sem lesão aparente, passa a ser considerada uma doença e ganha uma atualização no Código Internacional de Doenças 11 (CID-11), sendo denominada dor crônica musculoesquelética primária. O principal mecanismo deste tipo de dor é o nociplástico, no qual não há evidência clara de dano tecidual real ou potencial, causando a ativação de nociceptores periféricos ou evidência de doença ou lesão do sistema somatossensorial que causa a dor.
CONCLUSÃO: A dor crônica musculoesquelética hoje é classificada em subgrupos: dor crônica primária, no qual a dor é entendida como uma doença; e dor crônica secundária, no qual a dor surge como parte de um processo de doença. O sofrimento emocional e incapacidade funcional são característicos, mas não exclusivos, da dor crônica musculoesquelética primária, na qual não há lesões teciduais ou outro diagnóstico que explique a dor. As estratégias de tratamento devem ser multimodais e multidisciplinares, além de incluir fatores biopsicossociais, e devem ser alinhadas com as preferências do paciente e atuar nos fatores modificáveis individuais.
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References
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Submitted date:
02/02/2024
Accepted date:
06/21/2024
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