Modulation of pain-descending inhibitory pathway using transcranial direct current stimulation priming protocols in healthy subjects: systematic review
Modulação da via inibitória descendente da dor usando protocolos de priming de estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua em indivíduos saudáveis: revisão sistemática
Raquel Sales Rocha-Jacob; Antónia Mykaele Cordeiro Brandão; Lívia Shirahige Gomes do Nascimento; Lana Paula Cardoso Moreira; Renato Dias dos Santos; Fuad Ahmad Hazime
Abstract
Keywords
Resumo
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Priming é um fenômeno no qual a atividade cerebral pode mudar em uma direção inibitória ou excitatória, aumentando potencialmente a eficiência sináptica em resposta a um estímulo anterior. A estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua (ETCC) é uma técnica de neuromodulação extensivamente investigada como uma alternativa de tratamento para alterações no processamento da dor. As técnicas de priming podem melhorar mecanismos de analgesia, no entanto, nenhuma revisão sistemática foi publicada sumarizando esses achados. O objetivo desta revisão foi identificar e avaliar estudos que utilizaram ETCC como protocolos priming ou teste e investigar seus efeitos na via inibitória descendente da dor em pessoas saudáveis.
CONTEÚDO: Dois revisores independentes consultaram nas bases de dados Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, PEDro, Scopus e Cochrane, até janeiro de 2024, estudos que utilizaram ETCC como priming ou teste em indivíduos saudáveis para avaliar alterações na via descendente da dor. Quatro estudos foram elegíveis. Dois estudos mostraram que a ETCC catódica aumenta o limiar de dor quando aplicada antes da EMTr (estimulação magnética transcraniana repetitiva) de 1 Hz, podendo ser mediada por mecanismos de metaplasticidade homeostática. Dois estudos demonstraram que a ETCC anódica combinada ao exercício pode ativar mecanismos centrais de controle da dor; o uso concomitante teve efeito sinérgico, resultando em maior analgesia.
CONCLUSÃO: A abordagem de priming da ETCC catodal ou anodal parece alterar o limiar da dor em pessoas saudáveis, entretanto, o efeito depende do estímulo de teste utilizado e pode aumentar ou reverter o efeito pretendido.
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References
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Submitted date:
02/05/2024
Accepted date:
05/28/2024
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