Primary dysmenorrhea pain profile among Brazilian women. Case-control study
Perfil da dismenorreia primária entre mulheres brasileiras. Estudo caso-controle
Flávia Rezende Moura Mesquita Rafael; Natalia Oliveira Bertolini; Samuel Silva; Renato Carvalho Vilella
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is defined as lower abdominal pain occurring before or during menstruation, unrelated to other diseases. Existing studies investigating potential risk factors for PD development and its incidence in various groups have been fragmented, controversial, or overly broad, posing challenges for analysis. Therefore, this study aims to identify potential risk factors for PD development through a literature-based case-control study.
METHODS: Following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE), this one-year case-control study aimed to establish relationships between PD variables and pain categories (light, moderate, and severe) among 252 Brazilian women.
RESULTS: The regularity of the menstrual cycle, intensity of menstrual flow, seeking medical assistance, and use of pain drugs demonstrated statistical significance (p=0.00) across different pain categories. Conversely, factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, daily diet, physical activity, regular menstrual cycle, previous pregnancy, active sex life, family history of PD, pain site, and the time of onset of PD after the first menstrual cycle were not statistically significant within the pain categories. Although no statistical significance was observed, certain observations can still be drawn by comparing this study with similar ones.
CONCLUSION: This study offers valuable insights into the risk factors, pain intensity, menstrual flow patterns, and treatment-seeking behavior associated with PD. By addressing these factors and improving our understanding of PD, we can enhance the well-being and quality of life of women affected by this common gynecological condition.
Keywords
Resumo
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Define-se dismenorreia primária (DP) como dor no abdômen inferior que ocorre antes ou durante a menstruação, não relacionada a doenças ou patologias. Os estudos existentes que investigaram potenciais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da DP e a sua incidência em vários grupos são fragmentados, controversos ou excessivamente amplos, colocando desafios à análise. Este estudo objetivou identificar potenciais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da DP através de um estudo de caso-controle com base na literatura.
MÉTODOS: Seguindo o Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, (STROBE), este estudo caso-controle, de um ano, teve como objetivo estabelecer relações entre variáveis de DP e categorias de dor (leve, moderada e intensa) em 252 mulheres brasileiras.
RESULTADOS: A regularidade do ciclo e intensidade do fluxo menstrual, a procura pela assistência médica e o uso de analgésicos demonstraram significância estatística (p=0,00) nas diferentes categorias de dor. Por outro lado, fatores como tabagismo, consumo de álcool, dieta diária, e as outras variáveis estudadas não foram estatisticamente relevantes. Embora, não se observou nenhuma significância estatística nessas variáveis, certas observações ainda podem ser feitas comparando o presente estudo com outros semelhantes.
CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo ofereceu informações valiosas sobre os fatores de risco, intensidade da dor, padrões de fluxo menstrual e comportamento de procura ao tratamento associados à DP. Abordar estes fatores e melhorar a compreensão sobre a DP, pode melhorar o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida das mulheres afetadas por esta condição ginecológica comum.
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References
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Submitted date:
02/22/2024
Accepted date:
10/30/2024
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