Assessment of functional disability caused by low back pain in primary care dentists
Avaliação da incapacidade funcional causada por dor lombar em dentistas da atenção primária
Fabrício Emanuel Soares de Oliveira; Samuel Trezena; Denise Maria Mendes Lúcio da Silveira; Verônica Oliveira Dias; Hercílio Martelli-Júnior; Daniella Reis Barbosa Martelli
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dentists are frequently exposed to ergonomic occupational risks, such as incorrect posture and repetitive movements, which contribute to musculoskeletal disorders, including low back pain. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and disability among Primary Health Care (PHC) dentists in the northern macro-region of the Minas Gerais state, Brazil.
METHODS: A cross-sectional design was adopted with convenience sampling. Data was collected via an online questionnaire from dentists in 54 municipalities within the Regional Health Superintendence of Montes Claros city between March and June 2022. The Oswestry Disability Index 2.0 measured disability due to LBP. Statistical analyses included Pearson’s Chi-square test and Poisson regression.
RESULTS: Among the 298 participants, the majority were women (79.2%). LBP was reported by 63.4% of the dentists, with 12.8% experiencing associated disability. In the final regression model, disability was significantly linked to female gender (PR 2.81; CI 95% 1.13-7.01), overweight body mass index (PR 1.72; CI 95% 1.01-2.96), self-reported LBP (PR 2.34; CI 95% 1.12-4.87), work-related pain (PR 3.86; CI 95% 1.23-12.13), and sick leave due to LBP (PR 5.28; CI 95% 2.29-12.18).
CONCLUSION: This study revealed a high prevalence of LBP among primary care dentists in the northern macro-region of Minas Gerais state, with a notable proportion experiencing associated disability. These findings underscore the need for targeted ergonomic interventions and health promotion strategies to mitigate LBP and its impact on dental professionals
Keywords
Resumo
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Dentistas estão frequentemente expostos a riscos ocupacionais ergonômicos, como postura incorreta e movimentos repetitivos, que contribuem para distúrbios musculoesqueléticos, incluindo a dor lombar (DL). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência de DL e incapacidade entre dentistas da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) na macrorregião Norte do estado de Minas Gerais.
MÉTODOS: Foi adotado um desenho transversal com amostragem por conveniência. Os dados foram coletados por meio de um questionário online com dentistas de 54 municípios pertencentes à Superintendência Regional de Saúde de Montes Claros, entre março e junho de 2022. O Índice de Oswestry 2.0 foi utilizado para medir a incapacidade devido à DL. As análises estatísticas incluíram o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson e a regressão de Poisson.
RESULTADOS: Entre os 298 participantes, a maioria era mulher (79,2%). A DL foi relatada por 63,4% dos dentistas, com 12,8% apresentando incapacidade associada. No modelo final de regressão, a incapacidade foi significativamente associada ao sexo feminino (RP 2,81; IC 95% 1,13-7,01), ao índice de massa corporal elevado (RP 1,72; IC 95% 1,01-2,96), à DL autorrelatada (RP 2,34; IC 95% 1,12-4,87), à dor relacionada ao trabalho (RP 3,86; IC 95% 1,23-12,13) e à licença médica por DL (RP 5,28; IC 95% 2,29-12,18).
CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo revelou alta prevalência de DL entre os dentistas da APS na macrorregião norte de Minas Gerais, com uma proporção notável de casos com incapacidade associada. Esses achados destacam a necessidade de intervenções ergonômicas direcionadas e estratégias de promoção da saúde para mitigar a DL e seu impacto nos profissionais de odontologia.
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References
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Submitted date:
09/20/2024
Accepted date:
12/19/2024
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