Effects of cryoimmersion in the recovery of post-exercise muscle pain: systematic review with meta-analysis
Efeitos da crioimersão na recuperação da dor muscular pós-exercício: revisão sistemática com meta-análise
Alanis Wunsche Postol; Chantal Carnevalli; Eduarda Luzia Gomes da Silveira; Lucinar Jupir Forner Flores; Márcia Rosângela Buzanello; Gladson Ricardo Flor Bertolini
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cryotherapy is a resource widely used in rehabilitation and sport, mainly to reduce pain and improve recovery in athletes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of immersion cryotherapy on the perception of muscle pain in athletes from different sports.
METHODS: The studies were collected by searching the following databases: Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Scopus, Web of Science and LILACS. As well as the following gray literature: Google Scholar, LIVIVO, Open Grey and the CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations. The risk of bias assessment was conducted using Cochrane’s RoB 2 tool. The primary outcome was muscle pain/ perception of soreness, and the secondary outcome was perception of recovery.
RESULTS: Nine randomized clinical trials were selected. The meta-analysis included two studies on the muscle pain/ perception of soreness outcome. The combined analysis suggests that, overall, the intervention has a statistically significant effect on reducing the measure evaluated (SMD = -0.64, [-1.27, -0.02], p = 0.04); I2 = 0%. However, specific analyses of 24 h (p=0.24), 48 h (p=0.10) and 72 h (p=0.50) post-intervention individually did not show statistical significance.
CONCLUSION: Cold water immersion can have beneficial effects on reducing muscle pain, but the lack of primary studies of high methodological quality prevents certainty in this statement.
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Resumo
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A crioterapia é um recurso muito utilizado na reabilitação e no esporte, para este, principalmente visando reduzir a dor e melhorar a recuperação de atletas. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar uma revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos da crioterapia de imersão na percepção da dor muscular em atletas de diferentes modalidades desportivas.
MÉTODOS: Os estudos foram recolhidos através da pesquisa nas seguintes bases de dados: Pubmed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Scopus, Web of Science e LILACS. Assim como a seguinte literatura cinzenta: Google Scholar, LIVIVO, Open Grey e o Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES. A avaliação do risco de viés foi realizada utilizando a ferramenta RoB 2 da Cochrane. O desfecho primário foi a dor muscular/percepção de dor e o desfecho secundário foi a percepção de recuperação.
RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados nove ensaios clínicos aleatórios. A meta-análise incluiu dois estudos sobre o resultado dor muscular/percepção de dor. A análise combinada sugere que, globalmente, a intervenção tem um efeito estatisticamente significativo na redução da medida avaliada (DMP = -0,64, [-1,27,-0,02], p=0,04); I2 = 0%. No entanto, análises específicas de 24 h (p=0,24), 48 h (p=0,10) e 72 h (p=0,50) pós-intervenção, individualmente, não apresentaram significância estatística.
CONCLUSÃO: A imersão em água fria pode ter efeitos benéficos na redução da dor muscular, mas a falta de estudos primários de alta qualidade metodológica impede a certeza dessa afirmação.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
08/07/2024
Aceito em:
08/02/2025
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