Brazilian Journal of Pain
https://brjp.org.br/article/doi/10.5935/2595-0118.20200045
Brazilian Journal of Pain
Artigo Original

Relationship between symptoms and imagenological signs of degenerative temporomandibular joint disorders using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and cone-beam computed tomography

Relação entre sintomas e sinais imagenológicos das disfunções degenerativas da articulação temporomandibular com o Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders e a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico

Bruno Moreira da-Silva; Rafael de Almeida Spinelli Pinto; Letícia Ladeira Bonato; Arnaud Alves Bezerra-Júnior; Eduardo Grossmann; Luciano Ambrósio Ferreira

http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20200045 BrJP, vol.3, n3, p.222-227, 2020
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Abstract

BAKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Arthralgia is a common complaint among patients with temporomandibular osteodegeneration, however, for the accurate diagnosis of osteodegeneration, it is suggested the adoption of imaging tests associated with standardized clinical diagnosis protocols. The objective of this study was to evaluate patients with degenerative changes in the temporomandibular joint previously visualized by cone beam computed tomography, relating these changes with the clinical diagnoses and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders, in order to conclude which of the degenerative changes develop more painful symptomatology.

METHODS: A cross-sectional observational descriptive study. Thirty-eight patients who had previously done the cone beam computed tomography exam were evaluated. Subjects were grouped according to clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular joint changes using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders questionnaire. The presence of pain was considered during lateral palpation; intra-articular palpation; excursive movements; and active mouth opening.

RESULTS: Among the purely clinical diagnoses, only 10.5% were conclusive, classifying patients as suffering from osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis. Painful joint symptoms were found in all groups, with no statistically significant difference. Similarly, the presence of degenerative disorders, including flattening, osteophytes, sclerosis, and erosion were found in similar proportions in all diagnosis groups.

CONCLUSION: 89.5% of the degenerative changes were clinically underdiagnosed. There was a positive association between the presence of symptoms and the number of correct clinical diagnoses of osteoarthritis/osteoarthrosis obtained with the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders.

Keywords

Arthralgia, Cone-beam computed tomography, Osteoarthritis, Temporomandibular joint disorders

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Entre os pacientes com osteodegeneração cortical temporomandibular, a artralgia é uma queixa comum, entretanto, para o diagnóstico preciso de osteodegeneração sugere-se a adoção de exames de imagem associados a protocolos de diagnóstico clínico padronizados. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar pacientes com alterações degenerativas da articulação temporomandibular previamente visualizados por tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico, relacionando essas alterações com os diagnósticos e sintomas clínicos da disfunção temporomandibular, a fim de concluir quais das alterações degenerativas se associam ao sintoma álgico.

MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo observacional descritivo transversal. Foram avaliados 38 pacientes que já haviam realizado realizado a tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico. Os indivíduos foram agrupados de acordo com o diagnóstico clínico de alterações na articulação temporomandibular, utilizando o questionário Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. A presença de dor foi considerada durante: palpação lateral; palpação intra-articular; movimentos excursivos; e abertura ativa da boca.

RESULTADOS: Entre os diagnósticos puramente clínicos, apenas 10,5% foram conclusivos, classificando os pacientes como portadores de osteoartrite/osteoartrose. Sintomas articulares dolorosos foram encontrados em todos os grupos, sem diferença estatisticamente significante. Da mesma forma, a presença de distúrbios degenerativos, incluindo achatamento, osteófitos, esclerose e erosão, foi encontrada em proporções semelhantes em todos os grupos de diagnóstico.

CONCLUSÃO: 89,5% das alterações degenerativas foram clinicamente subdiagnosticadas. Houve associação positiva entre a presença de sintomas e o número de diagnósticos clínicos corretos de osteoartrite/osteoartrose obtidos com o Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders.

Palavras-chave

Artralgia, Osteoartrite, Tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico, Transtornos da articulação temporomandibular.

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Submetido em:
20/12/2019

Aceito em:
17/03/2020

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